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Speech of the President of the
Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela,
Hugo Chávez Frías, in the Opening
Ceremony of the 15th Andean
Presidential Summit
Quito, July 12, 2004
I
wish to start by invoking the
memory of Pablo Neruda. Today is
the 100th anniversary of his birth.
Pablo of America. Someone said
that Neruda did not die from a
heart attack, but he had a
national death, when the North
American empire attacked Allende’s
Chile and the Chilean people,
producing the horror brought about
by that ominous day for the
history of our continent, followed
by the obscure and gloomy
dictatorship.
Neruda is gone because he suffered
a national death. Now I invoke his
name, in this land – Ecuador -,
this sister nation sheltering the
remains of the Great Marshall of
Ayacucho, Martyr of America,
liberator of this land, First
President of Bolivia, Bolívar’s
favorite daughter.
Remembering Sucre, this morning we
were placing wreaths and singing
in his memory, there, in the
beautiful cathedral of Quito.
From
these regions, from Ecuador, I do
not know if it was from here,
Ecuador, or rather from Bolivia,
that Sucre made a statement, which
should now cause us to reflect,
just as Neruda must also cause us
to reflect; said Sucre “The hero
of Pichincha” “The Marshall of
Ayacucho” … I will cite each word
... and I would like you to listen
to them, because it is as if Sucre
was talking to us right this
minute:
·
“When America has shed its blood
to consolidate its freedom, it
believed that it did it on behalf
of justice, a non-detachable
companion, without the absolute
enjoyment of both; freedom and
justice, its emancipation would
have been useless”.
Bolívar said something similar a
few years later, with his heart
broken down in pieces:
· “I
have plowed in the sea”
Or
like what Gabo (Gabriel García
Márquez) collects in “El General
en su laberinto” (“The General in
his Labyrinth”), as he went into
Cartagena in 1830 not long before
his death in Santa Marta, with
General Montilla, and he saw
hungry children, the destitute,
the Indians and the poor, and he
told General Montilla:
·
“What was Independence good for?”
I
believe that this meeting of ours
here in Quito is a good time to
make these reflections, in
addition to the very esteemed and
highly brilliant and interesting
remarks we have already heard from
fellow Presidents and our
Secretary General.
I am
almost always going back in time,
since, what we live today is a
direct consequence of what took
place then, as well as of what did
not take place.
How
different would today’s reality be
if the dream of those men and
women would have become a reality,
and it would have come true in
South of America, including
Central America, in the form of
the League of the Republics, which
Simón Bolívar cried for from Lima,
during those days which have been
gone for 180 years now, in 1824,
exactly 2 days prior to the Battle
of Ayacucho.
This
is far from reality. We know it,
but I believe it is convenient to
look back and take over the effort
of our forefathers:
Oh
Manuela Sáenz, a woman from this
land, the liberator of the
Liberator!!
I
invoke her memory as well, “The
Immortal Woman from Quito” --- and
today’s birthday guy, he who is
100 years old today. Pablo of
America sang to Manuela, he sang
to her saying:
·
“Good bye, Good bye, unburied
brave woman, red rose, rose until
your errant death, Good bye,
silent form of Paita dust, corolla
turned into pieces by the sand and
by the wind!”
She
herself, in her lonely days in
Paita, told an illustrious visitor,
Simón Rodríguez, who arrived there
one day, being an old man already,
another martyr errantly walking
around, searching for justice and
lamenting:
·
Was it worth the efforts made for
emancipation, if there are more
poor people today in this America,
if there are more people, if there
is more discrimination, if there
is more injustice, even than prior
to independence?
Manuela said to Simón Rodríguez,
over in Paita:
·
This is what I loved and fought
with a liberator for?
This
was asked and asked again and
would still ask herself the still
unburied brave woman, Neruda’s red
rose:
·
This is what I loved and fought
with a liberator for? To see the
same parade of tattered people,
lacking food, roofless, not even
having dirt to bury their bones?
This is what we fought for, Mr.
Rodriguez?
They
say that Rodriguez finally told
her:
·
“Good bye Manuela, I am leaving,
because two lonely souls cannot
keep each other company”.
We
live a very crude reality in this
continent ..., the Andean
Community, I brought something to
read over, but I am not going to
read it.
I
believe that it must be thoroughly
reviewed, this makes the 6th
Summit which I have the pleasure
and luck to attend; and I say it
very crudely – and sincerely – I
do not see us making progress;
quite the contrary, let’s be
careful not to be slipping back.
Since the initial meetings we
attended, I think Cartagena was
the first one, we proposed for us
Presidents to get away for a few
days, to discuss the political
direction of integration, because
in Venezuela we do not believe
that market integration is one of
the most important factors.
Is
the integration of the nations
what is most important?
Is
the integration of the souls?
Is
the integration of a moral
principle to be first? Does the
economy come later?
The
economy cannot be placed up front,
it should be the human being,
Christ said so:
·
“Man must be alpha and omega”
The
beginning and the end. From
Venezuela we continue to preach
this idea and we continue to
preach upon reflection.
Neo-liberalism
disintegrates, it does not
integrate; and it would seem as
though we continue to insist, that
neo-liberalism is the way to go:
the free market, free trade.
But
we do not talk of free men, we
talk of free markets.
We
do not talk of free women, we
continue to place trade agreements
and market search in the front.
This is necessary, but by no means,
sufficient.
I
believe that we should adopt; and
this is what I ask for, I implore,
on behalf of the Venezuelan people
and government, to have other
integration schemes, to which
effect, we must review the very
essence:
What
have we done?
What
is it that we are doing?
I
would say, as a way of
recommendation, with much respect
and affection, that we should
attach priority to the integration
of South America first of all;
that was Bolívar’s plan, it was
Nariño’s plan, it was Sucre’s
plan, it was San Martín’s plan, it
was O’ Higgins’ plan, and it was
Manuela Saenz’s plan.
It
was the original plan: To free us
from the empire of the time –
Spain -, to shape the formerly
Spanish America, this was always
clarified by Bolívar, to then go
and negotiate under equal terms
with North America, with Europe,
with the others; negotiate by
parts, with the most powerful in
the world, used to say Bolívar:
·
“Once you have made a deal with
the strong one, you will have the
eternal obligation of the weak
ones”.
I
believe that we should engage with
much passion and much awareness in
South American integration, this
must be our priority.
I
believe that we should postpone
any other form of integration with
the North; we are not in the
condition to do it; in fact I even
think that we should consult our
people before doing it, because
this is just too serious of a
thing, for us to decide it alone,
without consulting the farmers,
the indigenous people,
intellectual individuals, small
and medium size businesses,
university students, our peoples.
In a democracy, it must be the
people who set the course, rather
than us who, because of the
circumstances, are running the
government. I believe this is a
very serious thing.
What
I am trying to do here is set the
issue again on the table and ask
for a discussion on it, and for
the discussion not to be postponed.
In Venezuela, we have been waiting
for this discussion for six years;
we have been proposing it and
waiting for it to take place, for
quite some time, but we have never
been able to do it, I believe
there is much risk in this.
In
his speech, President Uribe also
stated it, concerning an alliance
with North America in the
circumstances surrounding our
countries today.
Venezuela has had much joy about
its incorporation into MERCOSUR.
We started this petition since the
beginning of our government. On
that occasion, in 1999, we were
accused of wishing to weaken the
Andean Community, that is not so –
we have always said that we see
this as a way to provide a boost
to block integration: Andean
Community and MERCOSUR.
We
have made great strides in this
direction; and that is very
pleasing to us. We ask the Andean
Community to apply itself. And we
ask all of us member countries,
all the institutions of the Andean
Community, to slow down our
process of integration with the
North. It is not the time to do it,
let us be careful! About having
integration with the world’s most
powerful country, under these
conditions; and alone.
I
believe that we should negotiate
together. Venezuela was not
consulted when the Free Trade
Agreement with North America was
proposed, because the imperialist
government of the United States
has been attempting to bring down
the democratic government of
Venezuela for five years now,
pointing to it as “the root of
evil”. We have been destabilized
all the way from Washington.
A
coup d’etat was conducted in
Venezuela by fascists sectors, but
they were aided by Mr. Bush’s
government. We have sufficient
proof of that. I believe that
these issues should be discussed
here, since there is an attempt
against a brother, done by an
empire, and all brothers should
stand up and demand respect for
our brother. That forms part of
political integration.
We
should demand the empire – those
who do not wish to call it the
empire, call it Mr. Bush’s
government – to have respect for
our sovereignty.
I
was recently amazed when I read
some statements made by an
official of Mr. Bush’s government,
which were well responded to by
our Secretary General, with
dignity and respect. This official
came to our region, he went to
Lima, practically to tell us, even
though we did not feel directly
involved, because we are not in
that FTAA list with North America,
which we do not want to be in,
although we respect your decision,
we wish you good luck, but we ring
the alarm, we do it because of
loyalty: Be careful! Be careful!
Because this gentleman, whose name
I don’t know, I believe he is a
heavyweight negotiator in these
free trade agreements, he
practically came to criticize the
Andean Community in our own turf,
in our own place, practically to
tell us which must be the behavior
of the Andean Community, minus
Venezuela; because it was decided
in Washington that it should be
minus Venezuela, something which
is very strange, and very
dangerous.
They
feel in Washington that Venezuela
is not part of the Andean
Community, just like they never
wanted to include us in Washington
to the ATPA mechanism, even when
our brothers in the Andean
Community requested it three years
ago already, yet, the government
of the United States has never
wanted to incorporate Venezuela
into the ATPA mechanism.
The
treatment is unfair; however, we
continue to be in the community,
we believe in this union, because
we are conscious that this union
is indispensable, and a necessity;
first of all, for the survival of
our peoples; and secondly, for the
full freedom and independence of
our nations.
Thus,
this is our request. I say it
quite frankly; and I repeat it
with much respect: I believe we
should reconsider the timing. We
are not rejecting integration with
the North, but, why so fast? Why
the FTAA? They gave us a term: May
2004 said Washington; and 2004
almost all of them said no!
We
have always opposed that. If we
were to talk about terms, I would
say 2020 for the FTAA, and we are
going to work hard for a true
integration process.
Uribe spoke of energy integration.
That is essential. Now with
President Kirchner, we signed over
there in Iguazú an agreement to
shape Petrosur, a petroleum,
energy and gas alliance between
Petróleos de Venezuela and the new
oil and power company which the
Argentinean government has decided
to create and which President
Kirchner has already announced.
We
also signed an agreement for an
alliance between the Venezuelan
State-owned television station and
the Argentinean station.
We
need a South American television
station. It is not acceptable for
us in Venezuela to find out what
goes on in Peru through CNN, or
what is going on in Argentina,
Asia or Africa. We extend an
invitation to the Andean Community
countries, to form part of
Petrosur. We have also invited
Brazil.
Yesterday in Caracas, our Minister
of Mines met with 12 ministers
from the Caribbean area to create
Petrocaribe, a multinational
company. That is a matter for
dicussion.
For
us, there are no more discussions,
but I believe that in the
continent, there is room for
discussion about the role of the
State in the economy; and this is
where we have been touching on a
principle, because under neo-liberalism,
you know what the proposal is:
That the State must give in to the
private sector, that free trade is
the solution for the generation of
wealth; and then the drip drop law,
to get rid of poverty, well,
getting rid of poverty must be
because the poor will die of
hunger, but not really because
wealth is being spread so that the
poverty rate declines, which has
wildly increased in our continent,
especially in the past 10 years.
In the Happy Nineties, as Stiglitz
said, foreign debt, unemployment,
the illiteracy rate, AIDS,
malnutrition, abandoned women,
children in the street, ranches
and favelas, they have all
increase, my God! – and this, with
the application of the neo-liberal
system; and I believe we ought to
change that, and find a point of
equilibrium between the State – or
the States, and the markets.
The
latest UNDP, from Lima, something
which I ask you not to allow to go
under the table, the UNDP says it:
·
“It has been detected in Latin
America, in our countries, the
existence of supra-government
powers, real powers”
The
report says so:
One
of them, major companies which
become more powerful than the
State.
Another, private communication
media, which do not abide by the
Constitution or the law.
I
believe that we must debate over
this issue.
The
UNDP report says that, dangerously,
according to them, the people turn
their backs to democracy and that
the percentage of Latin American
men and women who say they do not
care for democracy increases,
since what they say is that
leaving poverty behind is their
priority.
That
is a time bomb, which has been
activated in our countries. It is
a time bomb, which could explode
if we continue to inject the
neo-liberal practice to our
nations, who have suffered so much
for such a long time.
Well!,
these are reflections in this
sister country, which is Ecuador.
In
this sister country of South
America.
While we invoke the names of those
who gave us identity: Bolívar,
Sucre, Manuela, Pablo of America,
who said of Bolívar, “wake up
every hundred years, when the
people wake up”
In
any case, we will continue to
debate and go into discussions of
specific points.
I
had wanted to speak like this, in
the form of a greeting, a warning
and a feeling of faith and
tremendous hope in the real
integration of our peoples.
Only
united shall we be free! said San
Martín:
·
“Let us be free, nothing else
matters”.
Thank you, Mr. President!
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