Ecuador: - Dirección Nacional del Servicio de Aduanas (National Customs Service Bureau)

- Dirección Nacional de Migración (National Immigration Bureau)

Peru: - Superintendencia Nacional de Aduanas (National Customs Superintendency)

- Dirección de Migraciones y Naturalización (National Bureau of Immigration and Naturalization)

Venezuela: - Servicio Nacional Integrado de Administración Tributaria (SENIAT) – Gerencia de Aduanas (Integrated National Tax Administration Service – Customs Office)

- Dirección Sectorial de Extranjería – (Sectorial Immigration Bureau)

Country of Origin is the Member Country where the carrier was incorporated and has its company headquarters.

Passenger is the individual who is the user of the international transportation service and bearer of a travel ticket issued in his/her name.

Original Service Permit is the document accrediting that the carrier has been authorized by the competent national authority of its country of origin to provide international passenger transportation by road once it has obtained the corresponding complementary service permit.

Complementary Service Permit is the document granted to a carrier that possesses an original service permit, accrediting the authorization given to it by the competent national authority of a Member Country other than its country of origin, to provide international passenger transportation by road to or from its territory or through it.

Registration is the inscription by the competent national transportation authorities or the annotation by national customs authorities, of each of the approved vehicles to be used in the international transportation, for the purpose of exercising the corresponding control.

Route is the course to be covered, from the origin to the destination, by the approved vehicle in an international transportation operation.

Andean Road System is the main, interregional and complementary roads defined and identified as such through a Decision of the Cartagena Agreement.

Established Trip is the route and itinerary between the origin and destination that is assigned to the carrier for providing the international transportation service.

Passage in transit is the movement of the approved vehicle and its crew through the territories of the Member Countries while providing international transportation or as a result of it.

International Passenger Transportation by Road, hereinafter "international transportation", is the transportation of persons which, in reliance on travel tickets and a passenger list, the authorized carrier provides in approved vehicles, from a city of origin to a city of destination, located in different Member Countries, in accordance with the established routes, frequencies and itinerary.

Authorized Carrier is the company whose purpose it is to transport passengers by road, incorporated in one of the Member Countries in accordance with the pertinent national provisions for business associations or cooperatives, and which holds an original service permit and one or more complementary service permits.

Crew are the persons employed by the authorized carrier who are needed to drive the approved vehicle and serve the passengers.

Approved vehicle is the bus to which the competent national authority has granted a certificate of approval.

 CHAPTER II

BASIC PRINCIPLES

Article 2.- This Decision establishes the conditions for providing the service of international passenger transportation by road among the Member Countries of the Cartagena Agreement, in order to liberalize the supply of that service.

Article 3.- The supply and provision of the international transportation service is grounded in the following basic principles: freedom of operation; access to the market; national treatment; transparency; non-discrimination; equality of legal treatment; free competition and most-favored-nation.

Article 4.- The Member Countries agree to homologize the authorizations and transportation documents and to eliminate all restrictive measures that affect or that may affect international transportation operations.

 CHAPTER III

ON THE SCOPE OF APPLICATION

Article 5.- Such international passenger transportation by road as is carried out between Member Countries of the Cartagena Agreement or through their territories, shall be governed by this Decision and its complementary provisions.

This legislation is also applicable when the approved vehicle must be transported over a given segment and without transferring the passengers, through another means of transportation, be it by sea, river, lake or land, whose use is necessary in order to be able to continue the international transportation operation.

Article 6.- The provisions of this Decision, as well as the complementary regulations, are applicable also when the crew and the approved and registered vehicles are moved without passengers from one Member Country to another in order to start or continue an international transportation operation, or to return to their country of origin after having concluded it.

Article 7.- The established trips for international passenger transportation by road are the following:

1. Between cities of two bordering Member Countries;

2. Between cities of two Member Countries with passage in transit through one or more Member Countries; and

3. Between cities of two or more Member Countries.

Article 8.- During the international transportation, authorized carriers may collect and drop off passengers whose origin and destination are cities or localities on the itinerary, located in different Member Countries.

The authorized carrier, in order to be able to collect or drop off international passengers in Member Countries other than that of its origin, must first obtain a complementary service permit in those countries.

The provisions of this article are applicable to the transportation of postal packages and parcels.

Article 9.- The international transportation provided by carriers from third countries through the territories of one or more Member Countries, shall be regulated by the national legislation of each of the Member Countries through which they pass in transit or by the provisions of international agreements in force.

Article 10.- The international transportation shall be provided over the routes and in keeping with the frequencies and itineraries coordinated by the competent international authorities and assigned by them.

The routes that make up the Andean Road System and the authorized border crossings, as well as such routes or border crossings as the Member Countries may authorize, shall be used in coordinating and assigning routes.

Article 11.- When two or more Member Countries agree to authorize new routes or border crossings for international transportation among them, those routes or border crossings shall be utilized by the authorized carriers of the other Member Countries.

Article 12.- The original and the complementary service permits and certificate of approval do not grant the authorized carrier the right to provide local passenger transportation by road in the Member Countries.

Article 13.- Authorized carriers, on a complementary basis, may engage in the international transportation of postal packages and parcels. This service shall be provided only in approved and registered vehicles.

Article 14.- In order for the authorized carrier to provide the service of international passenger transportation by road, it shall not be necessary for the Member Country of passage in transit or destination on the established trips it intends to offer, to have authorized a company from its country to offer the same established trip or another whose destination or through which it will pass in transit is the carrier's country of origin.

The fact that an authorized carrier from the other Member Country involved in that established trip has not yet started operating or has suspended its operations may not be used to determine the launching of the transportation service or to impede its provision.

Article 15.- The stipulations of this Decision are not applicable to border transportation, which shall be governed by such provisions as the bordering Member Countries may agree upon.

Article 16.- The Member Countries, in their respective territories, grant the authorized carriers to which they have issued complementary service permits, the right to open offices and branches, as well as to offer and provide international transportation service.

Article 17.- The Member Countries, in their respective territories, shall grant approved and registered vehicles freedom of passage in transit for purposes of international transportation.

Article 18.- An authorized carrier having obtained a complementary service permit shall enjoy, in the Member Country that issued that permit, treatment that is no less favorable than that which, in similar circumstances, is given to authorized carriers from that country.

Article 19.- The Member Countries shall give authorized carriers to which they have issued complementary service permits, treatment that is no less favorable than that which, in similar circumstances, they grant to carriers from third countries.

Without prejudice to the stipulation of the previous paragraph, bordering Member Countries may grant each other's carriers special terms, in order to facilitate passage in transit and transportation operations locally, so long as these are limited to the demarcated contiguous border zone.

Article 20.- Any Member Country that adopts a measure affecting international transportation in regard to the movement of approved vehicles and crews, shall immediately report it to the other Member Countries and to the Board of the Cartagena Agreement.

This same procedure shall be followed for the signing, adherence to or ratification, as well as the denunciation, of bilateral or multilateral agreements or conventions relating to international passenger transportation by road, signed with another Member Country or third countries

 CHAPTER IV

ON THE CONDITIONS FOR

THE TRANSPORTATION

Article 21.- Only a carrier that possesses the authorizations established in this Decision may offer international passenger transportation by road.

By the same token, that carrier, in providing the service, may not receive treatment that is different because its form of business organization is not the same.

Article 22.- A carrier interested in providing international transportation must obtain an original service permit and a complementary service permit.

It must also secure a certificate of approval and register each one of the buses belonging to its fleet.

The international transportation service shall be provided only upon fulfillment of the requirements set out in this chapter.

Article 23.- In order to be able to apply for an original and a complementary service permit, the carrier must be incorporated in any of the Member Countries of the Cartagena Agreement.

The company shall be governed by the legislation of the Member Country where it is incorporated and by the Community provisions for Andean multinational enterprises.

The establishment of offices or branches shall be regulated by the legislation of the Member Country where they are set up.

Article 24.- The authorized carrier shall maintain a fleet of at least three approved vehicles in operation. The competent national authority that issues the original service permit may require a larger number of buses in light of the routes, frequencies and distances to be covered.

Article 25.- International passenger transportation by road shall be carried out as a direct transportation operation.

Only for duly justified reasons of force majeure or an act of God may the authorized carrier transfer the passengers and their luggage, as well as the postal packages and parcels it is transporting, from one vehicle to another.

Transportation over national segments is not considered international passenger transportation by road.

Article 26.- All international passengers, during the transportation, shall bear travel tickets and their names shall be on the passenger list. That list will be handed over to the immigration officials at the authorized border crossings, on entering and leaving each one of the Member Countries of origin, passage in transit, and destination of the transportation.

Article 27.- The drivers' licenses issued by a Member Country and used by drivers in the international transportation, shall be recognized as valid in the other Member Countries through which they pass in transit.

The license category shall correspond to the classification of the approved vehicle being driven.

Article 28.- Licenses belonging to the drivers of approved vehicles, when these are providing international transportation service, may not be retained in the case of traffic violations that are punishable by fine alone.

Article 29.- The authorized carrier and its legal representative in each of the Member Countries within its sphere of operation, are jointly and severally liable for the payment of any fines imposed on the drivers of the company's approved vehicles for traffic violations committed during the international transportation service.

Article 30.- The passage in transit of approved vehicles shall be regulated by automotive vehicle traffic regulations in effect in the Member Country through which they pass.

Article 31.- The identification used by a Member Country for the vehicles registered in that country (license plates or other specific means of identification) that is employed on the approved vehicles, shall be recognized as valid in the other Member Countries through which those vehicles pass in transit.

The Member Countries shall not demand that the approved vehicle that passes through their territories in transit while providing international transportation service or as a result of it, use special or additional identification to that indicated in the previous paragraph.

Article 32.- The insurance policy referred to in articles 50d) and 51d) of this Decision shall be submitted to the respective competent national authority before the service may be started.

The authorized carrier may not provide international transportation service if its civil liability and passenger casualty insurance policy has expired.

Article 33.- The authorized carrier, in the cities of origin, shall have on hand at all times the itineraries and destinations of its assigned routes, with identification of the public or private facilities available for passenger service and the dispatch and reception of the approved vehicles.

Before starting operations, it shall also report the addresses of those facilities located in their respective countries, to the competent national authorities that issued it the original and the complementary service permits.

Article 34.- Before starting the service, the authorized carrier shall establish the schedule of each frequency and report it to the respective competent national authority that issued it the original or the complementary service permit. Compliance with the set starting date and time of the established trip is mandatory.

Any change shall be reported to the respective competent national authority before it is implemented.

Article 35.- Authorized carriers may, within their assigned frequencies, dispatch as many vehicles as needed to cover the demand for the service.

Article 36.- The international transportation may be suspended by:

1. Court order;

2. Order of the competent national authority as a result of an administrative proceeding; or

3. Decision of the authorized carrier

In the case of item c), the competent national authority shall be notified at least fifteen calendar days before its implementation.

The stipulation of the preceding paragraph is applicable also to the transportation of postal packages and parcels.

The suspension of the passenger transportation service at the carrier's decision may not last longer than ninety calendar days, except in duly justified cases of force majeure or acts of God.

Article 37.- Failure to reinitiate the passenger transportation service at the expiration of the cited period or that granted by the authority in the case of force majeure or an act of God, shall be considered its abandonment.

Article 38.- For tax purposes, the pertinent provisions for avoiding double taxation among the Member Countries, provided for in the legislation of the Cartagena Agreement, shall be applied to the international transportation.

 CHAPTER V

ON THE TRANSPORTATION AUTHORIZATIONS

Article 39.- The national authority of each country that is responsible for road transportation is the competent entity for issuing to the carriers the original and the complementary service permits, as well as the certificate of approval for the vehicles comprising their fleet.

Article 40.- The original and the complementary service permits shall be granted by administrative resolution of the competent national authority, and shall be issued in keeping with the legal procedures and provisions of the respective Member Country.

Article 41.- The original service permit shall be granted by the competent national authority of the carrier's country of origin.

The complementary service permits shall be issued by the competent national authority of each of the Member Countries in the carrier's sphere of operation where it intends to operate.

Article 42.- The original and the complementary service permits shall each have two annexes containing information about the approved vehicles, the sphere of operation and the service routes, frequencies and itineraries.

Article 43.- The frequencies, as well as the routes and itineraries for the authorized carriers' service shall be decided and coordinated bilaterally or multilaterally among the competent national authorities. In the event that they fail to reach an agreement, the mediation of the Andean Committee of Land Transportation Authorities may be requested.

Article 44.- It is up to the competent national authority of the carrier's country of origin to assign its routes, frequencies and itineraries in each of the Member Countries within its sphere of operation and for each established trip.

The pertinent annex of the original service permit will record the assignment, which shall be reported to the competent national authorities of the Member Countries where the carrier will be providing the service.

Article 45.- The Member Country that is informed by the competent national authority, of the assignment of routes, frequencies and itineraries, shall allow for the service to be provided in keeping with the assignment referred to in article 44, unless it has a sound objection to it.

Article 46.- The routes and frequencies should be assigned on the basis of objective criteria, such as the company's real capacity to provide service on the routes and with the frequencies requested and transparently.

In any case, that assignment shall not favor monopolies, oligopolies or market domination.

Article 47.- The routes and itineraries assigned by the Member Country issuing the permit, together with the authorized frequencies, shall be recorded in the respective annex of the complementary service permit.

Article 48.- The original service permit shall be accepted by the Member Countries where complementary service permits are requested, as proof that the carrier is qualified to provide international transportation service.

Article 49.- The original and the complementary service permits are non transferable. As a result, the international transportation service may not be provided by a person other than that cited in those permits.

Article 50.- The carrier shall submit a written application for the original service permit, attaching the following documents and information:

1. Copy of the company's incorporation documentation and by-laws if they exist, with the respective record of their registration; in their absence, the incorporation certificate issued by the competent authority, stating the corporate purpose, reforms, owner's equity, and duration;

2. Copy of the appointment of the company's legal representative or, in its absence, a certificate of that appointment issued by the competent authority;

3. Full address of the company's headquarters;

4. Letter of commitment to take out the Andean Civil Liability Insurance Policy for the International Road Carrier with its Additional Crew Accident Policy. If the crew carries another kind of insurance covering injury, the carrier is not obliged to take out the additional policy, provided that the risk coverage and insured sums are equal to or larger than those established by the Andean Policy;

5. Sphere of operation, indicating the Member Countries in whose territories it intends to operate, including its country of origin;

6. Service routes, itineraries and frequencies in each Member Country within its sphere of operation and for each established trip to be offered; and

7. List and identification of the vehicles whose approval and registration it requests. It shall stipulate which vehicles belong to the company and which have been leased. The documents and information requested in article 78 shall be attached thereto.

Article 51.- The carrier shall submit a written application for the complementary service permit, to which it shall attach the following documents and information:

1. Copy of the original service permit and its annexes;

2. Copy of the notarial power of attorney indicating the appointment of the legal representative, with full power to represent the company in all administrative, commercial and legal acts in which it shall be involved in the Member Country where it is applying for a permit;

3. Full address of the company's legal representative in that Member Country;

4. Letter of commitment to take out the Andean Civil Liability Insurance Policy for the International Road Carrier and Additional Crew Injury Policy;

5. Service routes, itineraries and frequencies in the Member Country where it is applying for the permit and for each established trip to be offered; and

6. List and identification of the approved vehicles with which it shall operate in that Member Country and for whose registration it is applying. It shall indicate which vehicles belong to the company and which have been leased.

In the case of item f), the carrier is not obliged to present the documents or provide the information stipulated in article 78.

Article 52.- The application referred to in articles 50 and 51 shall be signed by the company's legal representative in the Member Country where the permit is being requested.

Article 53.- The competent national authority of the respective Member Country, before granting the original service permit, shall evaluate the carrier's work record and capacity.

Article 54.- The competent national authority shall have a period of thirty calendar days in which to issue and deliver to the carrier the original or the complementary service permit.

The period indicated in the previous paragraph shall run as of the date of presentation of the application, together with all of the documents and information required in articles 50 and 51, as applicable.

If the documents and information presented are incomplete or faulty, the company shall be asked to complete or rectify them; in that case, the period shall begin on the day when the requirements have been fulfilled.

Article 55.- The carrier shall request the complementary service permit or permits within ninety calendar days after the date of issue of the original service permit; if it fails to do so, the competent national authority that granted the original permit shall annul it.

The original service permit shall also be annulled if, within that same period computed as of the date of issue of the complementary permit, the authorized carrier does not start operating or, if having started its services, it interrupts them for an equal length of time, save as provided for in article 36.

Article 56.- The original service permit is valid for five years. The period of validity of the complementary service permit is subject to that of the original permit.

The term of both permits shall be extended automatically for like periods of time upon expiration, provided that the competent national authority that granted them has not issued a final Resolution suspending or annulling the permits.

Article 57.- The extension of the validity of the original and the complementary service permits shall be stated on the back of those documents.

Article 58.- If a projected service trip involves passing, between its origin and destination, through one or more Member Countries that have not granted the authorized carrier complementary service permits, those countries shall allow the approved vehicles that are providing the international transportation service to pass in transit through their territories.

In this case, the authorities having granted the original and the complementary service permits shall report this fact, by letter or facsimile, to the competent national authority of the Member Country or Countries through which the vehicles pass in transit.

That communication shall indicate the company's name, the kind of permit issued, the date of its issue, the routes, frequencies and itinerary assigned for each established trip, and the list of approved vehicles.

Article 59.- The competent national authority that has been notified pursuant to the previous article, shall proceed to register the approved vehicles and request their registration by the customs authorities of its country.

Article 60.- With the fulfillment of the stipulations of articles 58 and 59, the Member Countries through which they pass in transit shall permit the approved vehicles to move freely through their territories.

Article 61.- When passing in transit through a Member Country under the circumstances envisaged in article 58, vehicles are authorized to make technical stops only, such as for mechanical repairs, fuel replenishment, food provisioning, and overnight stays by passengers and crew. In that case, passengers may not be collected or dropped off and postal packages and parcels may not be picked up or delivered.

Article 62.- The authorized carrier may, at any moment, request from the competent national authority of its country of origin, a change in its sphere of operation, as well as its assigned routes, frequencies or itineraries.

Article 63.- If any amendments or changes are made in the company's partnership contract or by-laws which alter the text of the original or the complementary service permits, the authorized carrier shall request that those permits be modified accordingly.

Article 64.- The original and the complementary service permits may be suspended or annulled by the competent national authorities that granted them. The suspension or annulment shall be accomplished through an administrative resolution that shall be issued in accordance with the national legal procedures and provisions of the respective Member Country.

The resolution shall state the causes for the action to be taken and the authorized carrier shall be notified thereof.

Article 65.- The authorized carrier, with the prior specific consent of the competent national authority, may occasionally provide closed circuit international passenger transportation in approved vehicles.

The competent national authority that authorized closed circuit international passenger transportation shall inform the competent national authority of the other Member Country involved in the established trip, by letter or facsimile, about the authorization granted and shall indicate the name of the authorized carrier, the list of crew members, the starting and ending dates of the established trip, the authorized route, the cities and places to be visited, and the characteristics of each approved vehicle.

The mere fact of communicating the information stipulated in this article is sufficient for the respective Member Country to permit the vehicle's circulation and the provision of the service.

CHAPTER VI

ON THE CREW

Article 66.- In each approved vehicle used for the international transportation, the authorized carrier shall employ a main and auxiliary drivers and such other persons as it deems necessary to serve the passengers in order to ensure adequate service.

The drivers shall have their drivers' licenses with them at all times and these must be valid.

Article 67.- The main driver is responsible for the correct provision of the international transportation, the care and good use of the certificate of approval and the list of passengers, and for keeping order, the protection and care of the passengers and other crew members inside the bus and the safety of the luggage and postal parcels being carried.

He also represents the authorized carrier before the controlling authorities along the route.

Article 68.- The drivers of the approved vehicles shall comply with the land transportation provisions in effect in the Member Countries in whose territory they circulate.

Article 69.- The crews of the approved vehicles may not perform in any Member Country other than that of which they are citizens or in which they reside, any paid activity other than the transportation in which they are engaged.

Violation of this provision shall be punished according to the law of the Member Country where it occurs.

Article 70.- The drivers and other crew members must be trained in traffic and land transportation, road safety and other matters that are essential for the provision of efficient and safe service.

The authorized carriers shall prepare and carry out ongoing training programs for the crew.

Article 71.- The Member Countries shall adopt mechanisms for monitoring and evaluating the training programs.

Article 72.- Authorized carriers shall cover the expense of returning the crews of their approved vehicles when they must leave a country after having completed the transportation. They shall also cover such expenses if crew members are unable to continue the trip because they fail to comply with national legislation.

 CHAPTER VII

ON VEHICLE APPROVAL

Article 73.- The international transportation shall be carried out in approved vehicles (buses), which shall be registered with the competent national transportation and customs authorities of the Member Countries through whose territories they will pass in transit or where they will provide the service.

Article 74.- Buses owned or leased by the carrier, which are registered in the carrier's country of origin or in another Member Country, may be approved.

The leasing contract may be signed in a Member Country or in a third country.

Article 75.- For each approved vehicle, a certificate of approval shall be issued at the carrier's request by the competent national authority of the Member Country that granted the original service permit.

Article 76.- Leased vehicles that come from a third country and that are to be used for the international transportation shall be admitted into the country under a temporary importation regime for the period of time stipulated in the respective contract.

Article 77.- The approval and registration of the buses shall be applied for at the same time as the original service permit.

The authorized carrier may also, at any time, request the approval of new vehicles, as well as the modification of the characteristics indicated in article 78b).

Article 78.- In applying for the approval of the buses, the carrier shall append the following documents and information to its request:

1. Copy of the vehicle registration or of the vehicle ownership registration for each vehicle; and

2. Characteristics of each vehicle: license plate number, make, year of manufacture, chassis number or series, number of axles, kind of vehicle, number of seats and external dimensions.

When applying for the approval of a leased bus, a copy of the respective leasing contract shall be attached.

Article 79.- In order for buses to obtain approval, they must meet the standards contained in the Technical Regulations on the Limitations on Weight, Type and Dimension of Vehicles for International Road Transportation and their corresponding annex.

Article 80.- Only buses less than seven years old may be approved and used for international transportation.

Article 81.- The certificate of approval shall be valid for five years. If the leasing contract expires or the age limit stipulated in article 80 is reached in less than five years' time, the period of validity of the certificate of approval shall be established accordingly.

Article