This is the judicial body of the Andean Community, which is comprised of four Judges, each representing one of the Member Countries, and has territorial jurisdiction in the four countries, with permanent headquarters in Quito, Ecuador.

The Court ensures the legality of Community provisions through nullity actions, interprets Andean Community laws to ensure that they are applied uniformly in the territories of the Member Countries, and settles disputes.

The Protocol of Modification of the Treaty Establishing the Court of Justice of the Andean Community, approved in May 1996, and which came into force in August 1999, assigns new spheres of competence to this institution of the Andean Integration System (AIS), including Appeals for Omission or Inaction, Arbitration and Labor Jurisdiction. Its new Bylaws, which update and detail the procedures carried out in this Court, were approved on June 22, 2001 by the Andean Council of Foreign Ministers.